The ochratoxin A (OTA) is an organic and toxic for man compound, generated by fungi usually present in the vineyards. This compound can be found in grape and its derivative products. In this article, activated carbon from grape stalk was used as an adsorbent to reduce the concentration of OTA in wine and grape must. The adsorption tests were carried out following the same procedure for wine and must. This procedure consisted in adding OTA to the samples; three aliquots were taken from them, putting each one in contact with different amounts of activated carbon. In each of the tests, the concentration of OTA was determined at 30, 60 and 120 minutes by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Satisfying results were obtained, reducing OTA levels by 80% in wine and 96% in must, when 100 mg of carbon were used during 2 hours of contact. The influence of contacting with activated carbon on the color of wine was analyzed by spectrophotometry. Neither of the analyzed samples showed a significant variation on color

O objetivo do nosso estudo é identificar diversas conceptualizações do corpo expressas em contextos da psicopatologia e literatura. Propomos uma categorização específica de sentenças literárias a partir da Teoria da Metáfora Conceitual (Lakoff e Johnson 1980, 1999) e a Teoria da Simulação do Contexto Limitado (Ritchie 2003, 2006, 2008). Com base no corpus analisado, mostramos que em manuais psiquiátricos, o corpo físico é sempre concebido em termos metafóricos envolvendo a categoria do CORPO COMO RECIPIENTE, portanto, com um alto grau de atributos não específicos. Em manuais de psicanálise, o corpo é representado por "sentenças sexuais-sensuais" ou por "noções" abstratas. A poesia italiana oferece uma representação adicional do corpo com ênfase especial nos órgãos e outras partes do corpo como "coração", "mão(s)", "face", mas também "sangue", "tórax", "braço(s)", "olho(s)", "seio(s)", "cabeça", "carne", "pele".

The goal of our study is to identify several conceptualizations of the body expressed in the contexts of psychopathology and literature. We propose a specific categorization of literary sentences drawing on Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff and Johnson 1980; 1999) and Context-Limited Simulation Theory (Ritchie 2003; 200; 2008). Based on corpus data, we show that in psychiatric manuals the physical body is always reasoned in metaphoric terms of the BODY - CONTAINER category, thus with a high degree of non-specific attributes. In psychoanalysis manuals, the body is represented by "sexual-sensual sentences" or by abstract "notions". Italian poetry offers an additional representation of the body with special focus on the organs and other body parts like "heart," hand(s)", "face", but also "blood", "chest", "arm(s)," "eye(s)","breast(s)", "head," "flesh," "skin".

The analysis of temperature profiles in spherical samples under chemical reaction is presented here as an adequate tool to identify if a gas-solid reaction system belongs to the unreacted core model or to the progressive conversion one. This analysis has been applied to the thermal decomposition of natural carbonates (dolostone, limestone and travertine from San Juan, Argentina and limestone from Neuquén, Argentina). The mathematical model based on heat transfer combined with chemical reaction presented here, allows to predict temperature profiles in spherical samples of natural carbonates under thermal decomposition. Reaction times obtained from thermogravimetric studies of thermal decomposition of dolostones, and those predicted by the calculation procedure presented here, disagree in less than 12%.

The physical characterization of solids, mainly the surface area measurement and the pore size distribution determination by means of nitrogen adsorption and mercury porosimetry, respectively, might be a matter of controversy in the case of materials that can suffer important structural changes between 77K and their operation temperatures (room or higher), or whose pore structure may be damaged due to the mercury intrusion. The goal of this work is to identify changes in the physical structure of solids when they are exposed to temperatures similar to those used in conventional thermal pretreatments, when they are used as catalysts, by means of mass transfer coefficient measurements. Our working hypothesis is that, if structural changes occur, these should be easily detected via noticeable changes in the mass transfer coefficient for a selected adsorbate. The calculation of relaxation constants, which characterize the transport of cyclohexane through the hybrid materials is carried out by modeling the experimental data corresponding to the transient state of the adsorption tests.